Abstract: Introduction: Increasing development of some diseases such as Behcet’s disease (BD) was reported after tonsillectomy. This study was designed to find the association between tonsillectomy/adenoidectomy (T/A) and subsequent development of BD. Patients & methods: In a prospective control study, 128 patients with BD and 139 controls from the orthopedic clinic (age and sex matched) were studied regarding previous T/A. A complete ENT clinical examination was performed for all of them. ...